Relevance. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to increase the effectiveness of the family structure of orphaned children in the context of the implementation of state socio-demographic policy. In institutions for orphaned children, there is a violation of the integrity of the functioning of the children's community, accompanied by isolation from the socio-cultural context, a lack of affiliation support and the accumulation of destabilizing factors in their social dynamics. Despite the steady downward trend in the number of orphaned children and the priority given to their transfer to substitute families, there remains a serious problem of secondary orphanhood. The key reason for the return of children to boarding schools is the insufficient psychological and pedagogical training of substitute parents, their incomplete awareness of the peculiarities of the development and upbringing of children with traumatic experiences, as well as the lack of systematic professional support at all stages of family functioning.

Ppurpose: to study the technology of supporting a substitute family as a factor of life and ensuring the sustainability of the favorable social dynamics of orphaned children.

Materials and methods. The official statistical data, legislative and regulatory acts of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Bashkortostan are used. The empirical basis is based on the results of the author's sociological survey of children in family education assistance centers.

Results. Show that the transfer of orphaned children to foster families is a priority and effective form of placement. The essence of supporting a substitute family is defined: the activation of the internal forces of all family members, the ability of substitute parents to independently resolve serious issues in the upbringing of foster children. The role of supporting a substitute family is substantiated not as an auxiliary service, but as a key factor ensuring the stability of a child's favorable social dynamics and the prevention of repeated orphanhood.

Conclusions. The study shows that children who grow up in substitute families tend to have better intellectual, emotional, and social development. Successful support of a substitute family requires an individual approach to each case and constant monitoring by specialists in order to minimize risks, ensure the well-being and sustainability of the favorable social dynamics of orphaned children. The directions of improving the technology of support are formulated: in-depth pre-admission training, continuous multidisciplinary support after the placement of a child, the development of professional communities of substitute parents.

Relevance. The importance of screening diagnostics of students' psychoemotional disorders is due to the fact that the detection of significant deviations in prevalence from global values may indicate the impact of other risk factors on individuals, the correction of which must be carried out in the context of preventive measures as a matter of priority.

Purpose – to analyze the prevalence of certain disorders of the psycho-emotional state among students of Kursk State Medical University through screening diagnostic test methods.

Materials and methods. The study involved 150 2nd-year students of Kursk State Medical University, whose ages ranged from 18 to 24 years old. The subjects filled out a specially designed questionnaire aimed at obtaining basic socio-demographic characteristics and underwent 5 diagnostic test methods: the Beck depression scale, the Beck anxiety scale, the Adult ADHD Diagnostic Scale (ASRS), the integrative anxiety test, and the SCL-90 symptomatic questionnaire. A search, systematization and analysis of scientific literature on the issue under study was carried out. Statistical quantitative analysis of the obtained results was performed using the Microsoft Excel 2020 program.

Results. In the course of the conducted research, it was found that the level of depressive manifestations in the respondents is extremely low. No significant imbalance of psychological processes was found in connection with general anxiety. Also, all respondents demonstrated a low probability of developing ADHD. A physiological increase in situational anxiety was noted, as well as a high level of personal anxiety in half of the respondents. Of all the psychopathological symptoms, hostility was the least common, and somatization was the most common.

Conclusions. The group in question was characterized by a lack of propensity to develop depressive states and ADHD, but a high probability of anxiety disorders. A frequent increase in somatization indicated the presence of masked psychological disorders in medical students.

Relevance. The relevance of this study stems from dynamic changes in the modern education system, which place increased demands on teaching staff. In today's environment, teachers' effectiveness is largely determined by their ability to constructively resolve conflicts, cope with stressful situations, and apply innovative approaches to educational activities. The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between resilience and conflict competence in preschool teachers at different levels of professional development.

Materials and methods. The following psychodiagnostic methods were used: the Conflict Competence Questionnaire (M.V. Bashkin, V.A. Gorshkova, A.M. Voskresensky); and the Resilience Test (S. Maddi's Method, adapted by D.A. Leontiev and E.I. Rasskazova). The study utilized methods to assess conflict management competence (conflict management strategies, emotional self-regulation, communication skills) and resilience (determination, ability to withstand stressful situations, adaptability). The study was conducted between 2024 and 2025 at preschool educational institutions in the Yaroslavl Region of the Russian Federation.

Results. This empirical study, involving 75 preschool teachers, revealed that teachers with 5–15 years of experience demonstrate higher levels of resilience and conflict management competence compared to their colleagues with more experience. A moderate positive correlation (r = 0.54) was found between resilience and conflict management competence, confirming the role of the latter as an important resource for adaptation and overcoming professional stress. A statistically significant correlation was also found between the parameters studied, demonstrating the importance of developing both components to improve the effectiveness of teaching staff in educational institutions. The data obtained can be used in professional development and continuing education programs for teachers at educational institutions to optimize educational processes and create a positive psychological climate within teaching staff.

Conclusions. Analysis of the obtained results highlights the need for targeted support programs, especially for experienced teachers, to maintain their psychological well-being and professional effectiveness.

Relevance. The article analyzes the mandatory requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for the implementation of bachelor's and master's degree programs for a teacher-psychologist, and the universal and general professional competencies formed by him. It is noted that these educational programs determine the level of development of systemic and critical thinking and, at the same time, may not have a significant impact on the formation of diagnostic thinking and, in particular, on its most complex form, implemented by a teacher-psychologist in solving causal diagnostic tasks.

Purpose. Identification of the features of the formation of diagnostic thinking among masters and bachelors in the digital environment. 58 №1 (46) 2026

Materials and methods. Theoretical analysis of scientific literature, ACS (automated computer system) PsyCase, a problematic method of forming diagnostic thinking by solving a series of diagnostic tasks in dialogue with ACS in a digital environment, Mann-Whitney statistical criterion for processing empirical research data.

Results. When forming diagnostic thinking by the problem method, it was found that bachelors and masters use such cognitive strategies as orientation to the conditions of the task, formal search, a collapsed scheme, and unacceptable strategies. The latter make the information received in automated protocols unreliable and useless. When forming diagnostic thinking in these two groups of students, there were no statistically significant differences, despite the fact that the bachelor's degree program has a psychodiagnostics course, while the masters do not. It has also been established that there are no statistically significant differences between masters with and without basic education.

Conclusions. In this regard, it is concluded that. Most likely, diagnostic thinking has a special content that is currently not adequately represented in the education system.

Relevance. The article presents an analysis of an empirical study aimed at exploring the relationship between conflict competence and the creative component in the professional activities of educational institution leaders with both limited and extensive work experience. The relevance of the study is driven by dynamic changes in the education system, which impose higher demands on managerial personnel. In modern conditions, leadership effectiveness is largely determined by the ability to constructively resolve conflicts and apply unconventional approaches in managerial decision-making.

Purpose of the study is to identify the nature and degree of the relationship between conflict competence and creativity among novice leaders and those with extensive managerial experience. Special at tention is given to assessing their impact on the effectiveness of managerial activities through cognitive, regulatory, creative, and motivational processes. The study employed psychodiagnostic methods aimed at evaluating the level of conflict competence (conflict behavior strategies, emotional self-regulation, communication skills) and creativity (cognitive flexibility, originality of solutions, capacity for innovation).

Results. The results revealed a statistically significant correlation between the studied parameters, highlighting the importance of developing both components to enhance management effectiveness in educational institutions. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of recommendations for integrating conflict competence and creative thinking training into professional development and advanced training programs for educational leaders. The obtained data can be used to optimize managerial processes and foster a positive psychological climate within teaching staff.

Relevance. The education system is currently undergoing major changes, leading to the modernization of the entire educational process. These changes affect both college faculty and students studying teaching. All participants in the educational process are striving to adapt to the new conditions and realize their potential; however, this requires particular effort, which impacts subjective well-being.

Purpose. To examine the subjective well-being of students majoring in teaching and faculty at a college. To analyze the levels of subjective well-being across all participants in the educational process to compare whether its impact is equal.

Materials and Methods. To study the subjective well-being of teachers and students in pedagogical specialties, we used the subjective well-being assessment method developed by R.M. Shamionov and T.V. Beskova. We also used the Mann-Whitney U-test to determine differences in subjective well-being between independent samples. Results. The average level of subjective well-being among the subjects was determined. The results of the mathematical and statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in the levels of subjective well-being between students and teachers.

Conclusions. The obtained results allow us to conclude that the educational system has a uniform impact on the subjective well-being of all its participants. Attitudes toward study, work, and the success of the learning process depend on the self-awareness and self-realization of both teachers and students studying pedagogical specialties.

Relevance. The age specificity nature of drug addiction has changed significantly over the past decade, with the introduction of psychoactive substance abuse at school age being replaced by an incidence rate among the 18–24 age group, which corresponds to the student population [1]. In clinical and legal terms, there is a growing trend toward «controlled drug use»—the periodic non-medical use of narcotic and psychotropic substances (NPS) in small doses, based on the mistaken belief that such drug use is safe, despite the general awareness of the harm and danger of drugs [2, 3].

Purpose. To analyze the dynamics of the perceptions and attitudes of students in the Kursk region regarding the problem of drug addiction and measures for its prevention in 2017–2023 in the context of three significant periods.

Materials and methods. A proprietary questionnaire with closed-ended questions was used for the study.

Results. Before the pandemic (2017), students in the natural sciences and medical fields more accurately assessed the harm of non-medical use of narcotic substances: 81.4±3.7% versus 71.4±4.2% (t=3.566, p≤0.01). The main misconception was the underestimation of the harm of one-time trials, including «controlled» drug use (relevant for 15.6±3.5% of natural science and medical students and 25.2±4.0% of humanities students). A significant difference was found in misconceptions among students who did not have professional knowledge in this area (t=3.610, p≤0.01). The proportion of those who consider the threat of non-medical drug use to be far-fetched and irrelevant was less than 3.5% in both subgroups, with the difference being statistically insignificant (t=0.341, p>0.05).

Conclusions. From 2017 to 2021, students of natural sciences and medicine had a better understanding of the risks of non-medical drug use and the capabilities of narcology, which is related to their education. The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased awareness of the dangers of drugs and the role of narcology among future medical professionals and biologists. However, after the pandemic, there was a decline in awareness among medical and natural science students.

Relevance. Given the growing activity and diversity of the volunteer movement worldwide, there is a need to identify a number of psychological phenomena associated with their activities, particularly burnout. Currently, a large number of psychological tools exist for diagnosing burnout in various professional groups, but they do not take into account the specific characteristics of volunteer work. Burnout as a psychological phenomenon results from a disruption of the complex regulatory system within the individual's activity.

Purpose of the study is to modify the K. Maslach and S.E. Jackson method of diagnosing professional burnout (adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova) for professionally oriented volunteers.

Materials and methods. The total sample size consisted of 235 professionally oriented volunteers aged 19 to 26 with 2-5 years of experience. The questionnaire structure was determined using exploratory factor analysis and confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest reliability was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The data were processed using Jamovi version 2.6.44 and StatSoft STATISTICA 10 statistical software.

Results. The modified questionnaire allows us to assess the severity of professional burnout in professionally oriented volunteers and to predict the development of emotional instability and professional distress, as well as a decrease in motivation and performance. Three scales were identified as a result of exploratory factor analysis. The data obtained for individual indicators indicate high test-retest reliability of the method (0,812). The reliability of the scales for homogeneity has been confirmed and is high (α = 0,74).

Conclusions. The questionnaire meets the basic psychometric requirements, has predictable relationships confirming the developed theoretical construct, and has optimal reliability and validity.

Relevance. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease, leading to progressive cognitive deficits. One promising noninvasive method for diagnosing cognitive impairment is oculomotor response analysis. Of particular interest is the study of social cognition processes, particularly face recognition, which is impaired in Alzheimer's disease. However, the parameters of oculomotor responses in this disease remain poorly understood.

Purpose: To study the characteristics of oculomotor response strategies in patients with Alzheimer's disease when recognizing realistic and schematic images of human faces.

Materials and Methods: A clinical case study assessment of the oculomotor response strategy for recognizing realistic and schematic images of human faces in a patient with late-onset Alzheimer's disease is presented.

Results: Facial image processing strategies qualitatively differ depending on the stimulus type. Relative preservation of the performance on schematic stimuli is achieved through a compensatory transition to a successive strategy and a reduction in cognitive load (shortened saccades).

Conclusions: qualitatively different strategies of oculomotor reactions were identified when recogniz ing realistic and schematic images of human faces.

Relevance. In recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on cognitive impairment as a complication of type 2 diabetes, along with cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, and retinal damage. Individuals with type 2 diabetes are 1.5-2 times more likely to develop a wide range of cognitive impairments, including conditions such as vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease, than the general population. Furthermore, if a patient with this type of diabetes is additionally diagnosed with cognitive impairment, the mortality rate among such patients is 2.4 times higher than among those with the disease but without cognitive impairment. In this regard, studying the specifics of cognitive functions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus depending on the duration of the disease is of significant importance in order to provide comprehensive specialized care aimed at treating cognitive disorders.

Purpose: to assess the nature and dynamics of cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlate them with the duration of the disease.

Materials and Methods: The study included 103 patients (aged 50-70 years) with T2DM, divided into 4 groups based on disease duration: newly diagnosed (n=18), 1-5 years (n=23), 5-10 years (n=24), and >10 years (n=38). Research methods: theoretical analysis of the literature; Psychodiagnostic methods were used (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA test); Clock Drawing Test; Schulte Tables; Establishing the Sequence of Events (A.N. Bernstein); Elimination of the Extraneous; Text Retelling). Descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U-test, correlation and regression analysis were used.

Results: A statistically significant progressive decline in overall cognitive status (according to MoCA) was revealed with increasing duration of T2DM (p < 0.01). Impairments in visual-constructive skills and attention were detected already at the early stages. After 5 years of T2DM, attention and speech disorders worsened, and memory and logical thinking deficits were added. With a disease duration of >10 years, a persistent multifunctional cognitive defect developed. Correlation analysis showed a strong inverse relationship between the duration of T2DM and the total MoCA score (r = -0.70; p < 0.01). Analysis of correlation patterns revealed specific cognitive profiles at different stages: from isolated neurodynamic disturbances to complex interactions of deficits.

Conclusions: The duration of type 2 diabetes is a significant predictor of the degree and nature of cognitive dysfunction. These findings support the need for dynamic neuropsychological monitoring and the development of differentiated cognitive rehabilitation programs for patients with varying durations of type 2 diabetes.

Relevance. he relevance of this study is due to the scientific need for an in-depth study of the mechanisms of the relationship between visual perception and coordination functions in conditions of auditory deprivation, as well as the practical need to obtain data that will form the basis for the development of targeted correctional and developmental programs.

Purpose. The aim of the study is to study the relationship between visual perception and coordination functions in hearing–impaired children of primary school age. The central hypothesis of our study is the assumption that the relationship between visual perception and coordination functions in hearing-impaired children of primary school age differs from the relationship in normotypic children of the same age.

Materials and Methods. Theoretical research methods: bibliometric analysis, conceptual and categorical analysis. Empirical research methods: analysis of medical documentation, observation, clinical conversation, superimposed images (black and color), "Missing parts" subtest, Raven matrices, "Find out who it is" technique, Tandem test, Uemura test, "March-cotton" test, Head test, "Folding pictures" subtest", the "Labyrinths" subtest, the Ozeretsky and Gurevich test, the right-left orientation test, the Taylor test.

Results: During the correlation analysis of visual perception and coordination functions in hearing-impaired children of primary school age, 6 significant relationships were identified. 4 correlations have a neg ative trend and 2 correlations have a positive trend. 9 significant relationships were identified in normotypic primary school children. A large number of correlations may indicate a diverse relationship between visual perception and coordination functions in normotypic primary school children. 8 correlations have a negative trend and 1 correlation has a positive trend.

Conclusions: As a result of the study of the relationship between visual perception and coordination functions in hearing-impaired primary school children and their normotypic peers, we have obtained data that confirm the central hypothesis of our study that the relationship between visual perception and coordination functions in hearing-impaired primary school children differs from the relationship in normotypic children of the same age.

Relevance. Provision of social assistance to people affected by emergencies is a function of the state. Under the influence of an emergency, a person acquires a new status for him, losing sometimes physical, social and psychological well-being. Becoming a victim of an emergency, a person becomes the object of activity of various services, the activity of which different types of assistance. Social work as an institution of assistance and social service institutions can offer a victim a wide range of support.

Purpose of the study is to analyze the technologies of social work that can be used in working with individuals affected by an emergency.

The research methods include theoretical analysis and synthesis of literature on the stated research problem, as well as systematization and generalization of scientific data.

Conclusions: Implementing social work technologies will make this assistance targeted and effective. There is a need for serious consideration of issues related to the interaction of emergency assistance ser vices.

Relevance. In the context of forced displacement, adolescents have not fully developed coping strategies and skills. This problem requires specialists to find effective means to facilitate social adaptation and resocialization of adolescents to the current situation. A number of researchers have convincingly demonstrated the role of various types of physical activity in influencing the physical and psychological well-being of adolescents and their adaptation. In the current circumstances of living in temporary accommodation centers, the involvement of volunteers in physical education and sports (sports volunteering) plays an important role in addressing adolescents' problems. Objective: To study the potential of sports volunteering in working with adolescents who have found themselves in situations of forced displacement (using the Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov as a case study).

Materials and Methods. The study utilized statistical data analysis, literature review, and survey methods. The study was conducted at the Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov. Participants included students enrolled in sports sections of the Student Sports Club of the Ivanov Kursk State Agrarian University.

Results. The experience of volunteer athletes from the Student Sports Club of the I.I. Ivanov Kursk State Agrarian University working with residents of a temporary accommodation center demonstrated their engagement and motivation for further participation in such events, as well as the need to develop competencies in sports volunteering. The training program for volunteer athletes is aimed at developing students' competencies in volunteering and sports volunteering. The program is comprehensive, consistent, and practical in developing students' competencies in sports volunteering.

Conclusions. Volunteering is an effective way to reach various categories of citizens who find themselves in difficult life situations (during forced displacement). The range of activities of sports volunteers is quite broad, allowing them to work with individuals (adolescents) who have found themselves in situations of forced displacement. The effectiveness of athlete volunteers is only possible with a well-developed system of knowledge, understanding, skills, and individual psychological traits. Our athlete volunteer training program, which includes three stages (motivational, action, and reflective), fosters general cultural competencies (humanism, civic responsibility, communication skills, tolerance, and culture), competencies in social interaction, the ability to work in a team in various social situations with different categories of citizens, and specialized competencies in physical education and sports (level of physical fitness, participation in a specific sport, etc.).