ABSTRACT

Relevance. In the context of the dynamic development of society and the economy, regional education systems face the need to increase adaptability and focus on meeting the changing demands of students, parents, employers and the local community. Traditional management models based on rigid verticals and departmental isolation are proving ineffective in the face of new challenges. The relevance of the work is determined by the need for a theoretical and methodological justification of complex organizational and managerial transformations capable of transforming the regional educational environment into an open, responsive and sustainable development-oriented system.

The purpose of the study is to analyze some organizational and managerial decisions aimed at improving the regional education system, and to scientifically substantiate their effectiveness through the synthesis of modern management concepts.

Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was formed by the theories of stakeholders (R. Freeman), human capital (G. Becker, T. Schultz), social capital (P. Bourdieu), as well as materials from the Kursk Digital School target model and the experience of the centers for improving pedagogical skills.

Conclusions. Effective management of the regional education system is achieved exclusively through a comprehensive transformation of its organizational, personnel, digital, and social subsystems. The set of measures of the Kursk region forms a model where each direction reinforces the others. A promising area of development is to attract the resources of educational organizations to the training of managerial personnel.

Relevance. The scientific work is devoted to the analysis of the practice of implementing a social contract as a mechanism for reducing regional poverty, identifying its features and assessing its effectiveness. State assistance is provided to low-income families and citizens with low incomes, promotes vocational training and employment, the development of family entrepreneurship and personal subsidiary farming, which allows to improve the economic situation of the participants.

The purpose of the study: to study the practice of implementing a social contract as a mechanism for reducing regional poverty and activating the potential of low-income families.

Materials and methods. Official statistical data, legislative and regulatory acts of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Bashkortostan were used. The empirical base was formed by the results of the author's sociological survey of potential recipients of state assistance in Ufa, the Republic of Bashkortostan.

 Results. The article discusses the best municipal practices of implementing a social contract. According to the results of the sociological survey, it was found that 60% of the respondents have been in a difficult financial situation for less than six months, while 40% have been experiencing financial difficulties for a longer period, which indicates the chronic nature of the problems faced by a significant portion of the low-income population. The data obtained indicate the need to implement programs aimed at increasing the financial stability of the region's residents and creating additional sources of income. The social contract is aimed at activating the citizens' own potential, stimulating their economic activity, increasing their social status and developing entrepreneurship. The main motives for starting your own business have been identified: increasing income, striving for independence, implementing your own ideas and helping your family, which underlines the importance of socio-economic sustainability for the program participants.

Conclusions. Among the key obstacles to concluding a social contract, respondents noted a lack of information, lack of necessary knowledge and skills, complexity of procedures, and lack of financial support. The paper proposes measures to improve the program: increasing the amount of financial assistance, raising public awareness about the possibilities of a social contract, providing educational resources on business management, and ensuring long-term support for participants.

Relevance. The relevance of the research is determined by the search for innovative mechanisms capable of transforming abstract moral imperatives into automated, legally binding algorithms of offi behavior.

The purpose of the study. To investigate current problems and directions of modernization of institutional and documentary support of professional ethics in public authorities and local governments.

Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the article consists of system-structural, comparative-legal and content-analytical methods.

Results. By 2026, the traditional (static) formats of Codes of Ethics had largely lost their preventive function due to the rapid change in the digital environment of public administration. The need for a transition from declarative methods to dynamic algorithmic control mechanisms ("smart compliance") has been scientifically substantiated.

Conclusions. The concepts of normative consolidation of the institute of subsidiary ethical responsibility of employees for the use of artificial intelligence systems and the introduction of automated scoring of the "ethical portrait" of an official are proposed..

Relevance. This comparative historical study examines the development of technical aids for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) across ten countries (the USA, Canada, the UK, Sweden, the Netherlands, West Germany, France, the USSR/Russia, Japan, and Czechoslovakia/Poland) between 1920 and 2000. The topic is relevant due to the growing importance of inclusive communica-tion technologies and the need to understand cross-national differences in their histor-ical formation.

Purpose. The aim of the study is to identify national trajectories of AAC tech-nology development, test hypotheses regarding country-specific priorities in device creation, and construct an explanatory model of cross-national differences incorporat-ing institutional and cultural factors.

Materials and methods. The study applies comparative-historical analysis and systema-tization of data on AAC devices, their years of introduction, and target clinical and age groups. A cartogram of national technological trajectories is developed. Four hy-potheses are tested, and a nine-factor explanatory model is constructed using an inter-disciplinary approach supported by structured data analysis.

Results. Four national models are identified: the Anglo-Saxon commercial-educational model, the Scandinavian universal-state model, the Continental medico-associative model, and the Soviet sensor-compensatory model. The Soviet tradition is shown not to have developed specialized AAC devices for motor-speech impair-ments, but it made significant contributions to assistive technologies for visual-hearing impairments and speech rehabilitation in aphasia. The cartogram reveals sta-ble cross-national differences in technological trajectories and priorities.

Conclusion. The study demonstrates that theoretical and methodological frameworks of national special education systems significantly influence technologi-cal priorities in AAC development, with an impact comparable to that of legislation and funding mechanism.

Relevance. Burnout is a serious problem for modern people living under constant stress. This is especially true when raising children with disabilities, where parenting is a constant stress, and chronic strain can destroy not only the parent's psychological well-being but also the harmony in the parent-child relationship and the family as a whole.

The purpose of this study is to identify the specifi parenting attitudes of mothers prone to parental burnout while raising children with hearing impairments. The data obtained will serve as the basis for developing psychological prevention programs for this condition.

Materials and methods. Eighty-eight working mothers participated in the study, conducted at boarding schools for children with hearing impairments in Kursk and Belgorod. Respondents ranged in age from 24 to 65 years, with work experience ranging from 1 to 40 years. Based on their level of parental burnout, the sample was divided into an experimental group (high level, n=44) and a control group (low level, n=44).

Results. The structural features of parental attitudes of "burned-out" mothers regarding raising children with hearing impairments were empirically identified. Such components of its structure as "Attitude to Family Role," "Excessive Emotional Distance from the Child," and "Excessive Focus on the Child" are factors that cause parental burnout. And "Optimal Emotional Contact" inhibits its occurrence. Regarding the basic elements of the parental attitudes structure, "Maternal Dominance," "Parental Over-Authority," "Excessive Strictness," "Exclusion of Intra-Family Influences," and "Excessive Interference in the Child's World" provoke parental burnout, while "Partnership Relationships" prevents it.

Conclusions. . Maternal psychological exhaustion is triggered by destructive attitudes: authoritarianism, overprotection, and family isolation. These attitudes impose unquestionable rules and expectations of unquestioning obedience. Emotional coldness or detachment are disguised as discipline, a system of prohibitions, and high demands. The focus on the child takes the form of total control: "eliminating intra-family influences" and "extreme intervention." Conversely, harmonizing relationships through partnership is the main resource preventing burnout. This is because destructive attitudes deplete internal psychological reserves, while partnership, trust, and equality, on the contrary, create conditions for psychological relief and the harmonious development of the child.

Relevance. Social attitudes are one of the key components of participation in any activity. The analysis of the structure of social attitudes among volunteers will allow us to understand the manifestation of psychological readiness for volunteering, the significance of participation, and the possibilities of regulating activity and motivation. Working with people is almost always associated with stress, and it is important to take into account the specific features of thinking, behavior tactics, and emotional background of all participants in the interaction.

The purpose is to build and empirically test a component model of social attitudes in interpersonal interaction among professionally oriented volunteers.

Materials and Methods. The total sample size was 235 professionally oriented volunteers aged 19- 26. The theoretical model was verified using confirmatory factor analysis. The data were processed using Jamovi version 2.6.44.

Results. A three-factor model of social attitudes of interpersonal interaction of volunteers is proposed. The cognitive component includes a person's attitude to the time continuum and stress-coping coping. The affective component is represented by emotional intelligence, and the behavioral component ÷ values, motivational goals and styles of self-regulation of personality behavior.

Conclusions. In the course of conducting a confirmatory factor analysis, the validity of the allocation of a three-component model of social attitudes of volunteers is proved. The assessment of the theoretical model demonstrated good compliance with the empirical data.

Relevance. Academic success in higher medical education depends on many factors, including individual psychophysiological characteristics. While temperament influences learning dynamics and professional competence formation, existing data regarding its direct impact on academic performance remain contradictory, especially under high cognitive loads typical for medical universities. Purpose. To investigate the influence of higher nervous activity types on student academic performance in Normal Human Physiology, specifically assessing test scores and final grades among different temperament groups.

Materials and methods. An anonymous survey involved 256 second-year students at Kursk State Medical University. Temperament type was determined via standardized psychodiagnostic testing (sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic, melancholic). Academic performance indicators included final test scores and grades for the "Blood" topic on a 5-point scale. Statistical analysis utilized descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk, Grubbs, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and linear regression analysis with significance level set at p<0.05.

Results. Sanguine (34.8%) and choleric (28.5%) types prevailed. Mean test scores ranged from 72.96 to 75.49; final grades varied from 3.40 to 3.73. No significant performance differences emerged between temperament groups (H=3.072; p=0.381). However, a strong positive correlation existed between test scores and final grades across all groups (R^² up to 0.964; p<0.0001).

Conclusions. Higher nervous activity type does not significantly affect academic performance outcomes. Instead, current testing results are the key determinant of final grades. This suggests standardized assessment methods may minimize the influence of psychophysiological characteristics, allowing students to compensate for temperament traits through organized study and high motivation levels

Relevance. Despite the fact that in recent years there has been a downward trend in disability in the Russian Federation, the problem of organizing the necessary conditions by means of adaptive physical culture and sports for the recovery and adaptation of people with disabilities and people with disabilities of various nosological groups remains relevant. The involvement of people with musculoskeletal disorders in various types of physical activity is an important task of their physical rehabilitation and social adaptation, which actualizes the need to find effective methods of work by means of adaptive physical culture. People with MSDS especially need the continuous development and improvement of abilities such as strength and endurance, through involvement in regular adaptive physical education and sports.

The purpose of the study is to study the dynamics of the development of the strength abilities of people with disabilities by means of para-powerlifting, implemented within the framework of the Oasis project.

Materials and methods. literature analysis; document analysis; testing; pedagogical experiment. The research was carried out on the basis of the Kursk State University. The study used a set of methods aimed at developing strength abilities in people with disabilities MSDS (wheelchair users people who are constantly forced to move in wheelchairs, deprived of the ability to move independently, and people with cerebral palsy spastic diplegia) involved in the para-powerlifting sports section as part of the Oasis project. To study the motivational characteristics of those involved in disability in the sports section of para-powerlifting, the method of "Studying the motives of sports" (V. I. Tropnikov) was used.

Results. The used set of strength exercises for special physical training, including exercises with additional special weights, a combination of loads in static and dynamic modes with constant and variable weights, showed a positive trend in the development of strength abilities of students with impaired MSDS in such indicators as flexion and extension of arms resting on the uneven bars; bench press from the chest with a weight of 35 kg; pull-up on a high crossbar compared to the control group. The inclusion of breathing exercises in the complex of exercises Yu. Vilunosa in the classroom with the subjects in the experimental group contributed to the positive dynamics in terms of the Gencha test. The diagnosis of motivation to engage in sports revealed positive dynamics in such indicators as "improvement of well-being and health"; "physical perfection"; "acquisition of life-enhancing skills", which may indicate the socio-psychological effect of the developed set of exercises in the para-powerlifting sports section within the framework of the Oasis project.

Conclusions. In the context of the Oasis project, the work of the adaptive sports section on parapowerlifting for people with disabilities in the Kursk region, ensuring a regular training process involving students in strength sports, the developed set of exercises showed the dynamics of the development of strength abilities of people with disabilities, and also revealed the socio-psychological effect of these activities, which will contribute to social rehabilitation and integration into society of this category of citizens..

Relevance. The formation of general cultural and professional competencies in the process of professional development and improvement of the personality of a future doctor is one of the fundamental factors of modern medical education. The authors focus attention on the exceptional role of the discipline “Latin language” in the development of a doctor's personality and professional competence. They also highlight the special opportunities of the Latin language for connecting the educational process with the future practical professional activities of students.

Materials and methods. To achieve these goals, the authors used a scientific methodological framework, giving priority to theoretical methods such as definition analysis, synthesis, and comparison, as well as practical research methods such as observation, experiment, and situational modeling.

Results. The authors emphasize the role of clinical terminology in providing students with basic knowledge of the most commonly used clinical terms, which include names of various clinical specialties, symptoms of diseases, methods of their treatment, diagnostics and prevention, surgical techniques, names of devices and instruments, etc. Special attention is given to the ability for conducting structural and semantic analysis of a term, which is the foundation of clinical terminology. The study distinguishes clinical terms by their structure and identifies three groups: unmotivated terms - simple words, terms - phrases, motivated compound terms. Each of these groups has its own grammatical and structural-semantic features, which should be taken into account when introducing this section to the students. They are provided with practical training exercises to prevent possible difficulties in mastering the material in the classroom and to avoid erroneous judgments and interpretations of medical professional vocabulary in the future practical activities. For this purpose, practical tasks have been compiled, where attention is drawn to the combinatoriality of Combining Forms.

Conclusions. Based on the analysis conducted, it can be concluded that complex lexical units are highly frequent in the studied segment of medical terminology, and their semantics are determined by their word-building structure. To ensure the competent and purposeful use of clinical terms in professional practice, students need to acquire knowledge of Greek and Latin root and affi elements, as well as an understanding of term-building models. As a fi result of mastering clinical terminology, students should acquire the skills of structural and semantic analysis of clinical terms, followed by determining their meaning based on the meanings of term elements.

Relevance. In the current conditions and the current social situation in society, practicing power sports and martial arts (judo) at a university will contribute to the formation of a healthy and mature personality with values and orientations of a patriotic nature and a developed civic identity, as well as in terms of personal development, maintaining health, leading a healthy lifestyle, having knowledge and skills of self-defense, developing strength abilities, etc.

The purpose of the study is to examine the dynamics of motivation and general and special physical training among university students.

Results. There is a certain dynamics in terms of general and special physical training of students engaged in the group of sports improvement in individual sports (judo), after the first year of study. Comparison with the standards and the results of measurements of students obtained on the indicators of general and special physical training showed that students after the experiment have the results corresponding to the standards and even exceeding the results. Meanwhile, the measurement of the results of the exercise "forward bend from a standing position on a gymnastic bench (from the level of the bench) / cm" decreased slightly (by 0.92 cm), which may indicate insufficient flexibility development in athletes. In most cases, students also have external motivation after the experiment. However, the content of motivational factors in the structure of external and internal motives has changed, which, in our opinion, has a socio-psychological effect ("to study together with other students" - external motivation, "to gain experience in sports activities" - internal motivation).

Conclusions. In general, the laboratory experiment showed the effectiveness of the program we developed. However, during the laboratory experiment, certain.

Purpose: To study the characteristics of the emotional and volitional sphere of children who have experienced a diffi    life situation.

Materials and methods. The study involved 20 children who had experienced psychological traumatization associated with an adverse family environment, living in border areas during the onset of armed confl   and forced relocation to safer regions. Their mean age was 10 ± 2 years. The study was conducted at the Kursk Regional Branch of the All-Russian Public Organization “Russian Red Cross” (KRB RRC). To assess the children’s emotional sphere, the projective techniques “House, Tree, Person” by D. Buck and “Draw-a-Person” by K. Machover were used. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed using STATISTICA 10.0 (StatSoft).

Results. The study revealed that the most pronounced symptoms among the participants were feelings of insecurity, anxiety, and self-distrust. Symptoms of inferiority, hostility, conflict proneness, communication difficulties, and depression were less pronounced.

Conclusions. The study showed that children who have experienced a difficult life situation are characterized by a high level of anxiety, feelings of insecurity, and reduced self-confidence. The obtained results confirm the importance of timely psychological support and corrective interventions aimed at restoring a sense of safety and strengthening a positive self-image in this category of children.