Support of a substitute family as a factor in ensuring the sustainability of the favorable social dynamics of orphaned children

Relevance. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to increase the effectiveness of the family structure of orphaned children in the context of the implementation of state socio-demographic policy. In institutions for orphaned children, there is a violation of the integrity of the functioning of the children's community, accompanied by isolation from the socio-cultural context, a lack of affiliation support and the accumulation of destabilizing factors in their social dynamics. Despite the steady downward trend in the number of orphaned children and the priority given to their transfer to substitute families, there remains a serious problem of secondary orphanhood. The key reason for the return of children to boarding schools is the insufficient psychological and pedagogical training of substitute parents, their incomplete awareness of the peculiarities of the development and upbringing of children with traumatic experiences, as well as the lack of systematic professional support at all stages of family functioning.

Ppurpose: to study the technology of supporting a substitute family as a factor of life and ensuring the sustainability of the favorable social dynamics of orphaned children.

Materials and methods. The official statistical data, legislative and regulatory acts of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Bashkortostan are used. The empirical basis is based on the results of the author's sociological survey of children in family education assistance centers.

Results. Show that the transfer of orphaned children to foster families is a priority and effective form of placement. The essence of supporting a substitute family is defined: the activation of the internal forces of all family members, the ability of substitute parents to independently resolve serious issues in the upbringing of foster children. The role of supporting a substitute family is substantiated not as an auxiliary service, but as a key factor ensuring the stability of a child's favorable social dynamics and the prevention of repeated orphanhood.

Conclusions. The study shows that children who grow up in substitute families tend to have better intellectual, emotional, and social development. Successful support of a substitute family requires an individual approach to each case and constant monitoring by specialists in order to minimize risks, ensure the well-being and sustainability of the favorable social dynamics of orphaned children. The directions of improving the technology of support are formulated: in-depth pre-admission training, continuous multidisciplinary support after the placement of a child, the development of professional communities of substitute parents.

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